Preface ........................................................ ix
Acknowledgements ................................................ x
List of Abbreviations .......................................... xi
Introduction .................................................... 1
1 Hegel's Philosophy of History ................................ 6
Introduction ................................................. 6
The Hegelian enigma .......................................... 8
The varieties of historical writing ......................... 11
Reason in history ........................................... 18
Conclusion .................................................. 25
2 Kierkegaard's Concept of History ............................ 27
Introduction ................................................ 27
The 'Interlude' ............................................. 28
The context to the 'Interlude' .............................. 43
Doubt, belief, will, and freedom in history ................. 47
Epilogue .................................................... 49
3 The Structure of the Kierkegaardian 'Self' .................. 51
Introduction ................................................ 51
Freedom and necessity, temporality and eternity ............. 53
The human self .............................................. 56
Eternity, God and despair ................................... 58
Anxiety ..................................................... 60
Possibility as anxiety ...................................... 64
Anxiety as the result of a synthesis ........................ 64
Eternity and moment ......................................... 67
Despair ..................................................... 71
Existential freedom ......................................... 74
Despair and faith ........................................... 74
Human/Political self ........................................ 76
Conclusion .................................................. 79
4 Hegel's Philosophy of History and Kierkegaard's Concept of
History: A Synthesis Instead of a Confrontation ............. 80
Introduction ................................................ 80
Hegelian claims on history .................................. 81
Reason ...................................................... 81
Knowledge of the past ....................................... 82
Order and meaning in history ................................ 82
God's providence ............................................ 83
Incarnation and history ..................................... 84
Hegelian freedom and necessity .............................. 86
Individuals in history ...................................... 86
Conclusion .................................................. 87
Kierkegaardian claims ....................................... 87
Kierkegaardian concept of history ........................... 88
Kierkegaard and the Incarnation ............................. 89
Freedom as opposite to logical necessity .................... 91
Human consciousness and history ............................. 92
Necessity in (past) history ................................. 93
Doubt ....................................................... 94
Belief ...................................................... 95
The historical .............................................. 95
Historical knowledge ........................................ 96
My arguments ................................................ 97
Conclusion ................................................. 106
Hegel and Kierkegaard: a possible synthesis ................ 106
Kierkegaard's relations to Hegel re-reconsidered ........... 114
Niels Thulstrup ............................................ 114
Jon Stewart ................................................ 116
Jean-Paul Sartre ........................................... 120
Mark C. Taylor ............................................. 121
James Bogen ................................................ 123
Peter J. Mehl .............................................. 123
Merold Westphal ............................................ 124
Unhappy consciousness ...................................... 125
Epilogue ................................................... 126
5 Heidegger's Response to the Problem of History ............. 128
Introduction ............................................... 128
Part I ..................................................... 129
Part II .................................................... 140
Part III ................................................... 146
Conclusion .................................................... 147
Notes ......................................................... 151
Bibliography .................................................. 178
Index ......................................................... 185
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