1. Foreword 3
2. The Rationale 9
3. Underlying Themes 13
4. The IGBP 19
4.1. Structuring the programme 19
4.2. Major scientific IGBP components and the
interdependencies 20
4.2.1. Terrestrial biosphere-atmospheric chemistry
interactions
4.2.2. Marine biosphere-atmospheric chemistry
interactions
4.2.3. Biospheric aspects of the hydrological cycle
4.2.4. Effects of climate change on terrestrial
ecosystems
4.3. Common problems of the IGBP programme
components 24
4.3.1. Global geosphere - biosphere modelling
4.3.2. Data and information system
4.3.3. Techniques for extracting environmental
data of the past
4.3.4. Geosphere-biosphere observatories 31
5. Components of a Research Programme
5.1. Terrestrial biosphere-atmospheric chemistry
interactions 33
5.1.1. Introduction
5.1.2. Proposed IGBP activities
5.1.3. Action plan
5.2. Marine biosphere-atmosphere interactions 41
5.2.1. Introduction
5.2.2. Proposed IGBP activities
5.2.3. Action plan
5.3. Biospheric aspects of the hydrological cycle 47
5.3.1. Introduction
5.3.2. Other relevant research programmes
5.3.3. Proposed IGBP activities
5.3.4. Action plan
5.4. Effects of climate change on terrestrial
ecosystems 57
5.4.1. Introduction
5.4.2. Proposed IGBP activities
5.4.3. Action plan
6. Some Common Problems 71
6.1. Global geosphere-biosphere modelling 73
6.1.1. Introduction
6.1.2. Basic characteristics of climate models
6.1.3. Geosphere-biosphere models
6.1.4. The problem of process parameterization
6.1.5. Strategy of approach
6.1.6. Action plan
6.2. Data management and information systems 79
6.2.1. Introduction
6.2.2. Guiding principles for the evolution of an
IGBP information system
6.2.3. Status of data for the IGBP and associated
preliminary recommendations
6.2.4. General considerations
6.2.5. Action plan
6.3. Techniques for extracting environmental
data of the past 85
6.3.1. Introduction
6.3.2. Present techniques
6.3.3. Recommended programme emphasis
6.3.4. Underlying needs
6.3.5. Action plan
6.4. Geosphere-biosphere observatories 103
6.4.1. Introduction
6.4.2. Objectives
6.4.3. Structure of the Geosphere-Biosphere
Observatory Network
6.4.4. Data management
6.4.5. Scientific issues
6.4.6. General attributes of the GBO network
6.4.7. Issues and operational objectives
6.4.9. Action plan
7. Towards the IGBP: A Plan for Action 111
8. The IGBP as Part of International
Cooperative Science 115
9. Role of the National IGBP Committees 121
10. Financing an IGBP 125
11. Societal Aspects of Global Change 129
12. Appendices 133
Appendix 1. Brief history of the developments
toward an IGBP
Appendix 2. International programmes related to
the IGBP
Appendix 3. List of members of the SC-IGBP
Appendix 4. List of IGBP meetings and their
participants
Appendix 5. List of national IGBP committees
Appendix 6. List of IGBP committees of other ICSU
bodies
Appendix 7. Bibliography
Appendix 8. List of acronyms
Appendix 9. The IGBP constitution
|
