Contributors .................................................. vii
Preface ........................................................ ix
1 Catalytic Methanol Carbonylation ............................. 1
Anthony Haynes
1 Introduction .............................................. 2
2 Rhodium-Complex-Catalyzed Carbonylation ................... 6
3 Iridium-Complex-Catalyzed Carbonylation .................. 23
4 Computational Investigations ............................. 34
5 Alternative Approaches ................................... 35
6 Conclusions .............................................. 38
References .................................................. 40
2 Microstructured Catalytic Reactors .......................... 47
Albert Renken and Lioubov Kiwi-Minsker
1 Introduction ............................................. 51
2 General Criteria for the Choice and Design of MSRs ....... 54
3 Design of MSRs for Catalytic Reactions with Gas-Phase
Reactants ................................................ 56
4 Design of MSRs for Multiphase Reactions .................. 72
5 Preparation of Catalytically Active Surface Layers in
MSRs ..................................................... 83
6 Conclusions ............................................. 107
References ................................................. 107
3 A Review of the Phillips Supported Chromium Catalyst and
Its Commercial Use for Ethylene Polymerization ............. 123
Max P. McDaniel
1 Introduction ............................................ 128
2 Commercial Polyethylene ................................. 129
3 Dispersion and Stabilization of Cr(VI) .................. 138
4 Reduced Cr/Silica ....................................... 154
5 Polymer Formation ....................................... 165
6 Site Diversity, Influence of the Carrier ................ 177
7 Copolymerization of α-Olefins ........................... 207
8 Catalyst Carrier Structure .............................. 228
9 Chain Architecture (Long-Chain Branching) .................. 270
10 Melt Elasticity and Catalyst Structure .................. 300
11 Cr/Silica-Titania Catalysts ............................. 323
12 Specialized Activation Treatments ....................... 349
13 Other Promoters for Cr/Silica ........................... 374
14 Chromium Oxide on Alumina ............................... 398
15 Chromium Oxide on Aluminophosphates ..................... 419
16 Organochromium Catalysts ................................ 449
17 Cocatalysts ............................................. 483
18 In Situ Branching ....................................... 509
19 Polyethylene Manufacture ................................ 535
20 Commercial Activation of Cr/Silica ...................... 565
21 Concluding Remarks on the Polyethylene Industry ........ 583
References ................................................. 584
Index ......................................................... 607
Color Plate Section at the end of the Book
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