Introduction: How to Use This Book .............................. v
Unit 1: How to Write an Introduction
1.1 Structure .................................................. 1
1.2 Grammar and Writing Skills ................................. 4
1.2.1 Tense pairs ......................................... 4
1.2.2 Signalling language ................................. 7
1.2.3 Passive/Active ..................................... 11
1.3 Writing Task: Build a Model ............................... 15
1.3.1 Building a model ................................... 15
1.3.2 Key ................................................ 17
1.3.3 The model .......................................... 24
1.3.4 Testing the Model .................................. 25
1.4 Vocabulary ................................................ 32
1.4.1 Vocabulary for the Introduction ..................... 34
1.5 Writing an Introduction ................................... 41
1.5.1 Write an Introduction .............................. 41
1.5.2 Key ................................................ 42
Unit 2: Writing about Methodology
2.1 Structure ................................................. 44
2.2 Grammar and Writing Skills ................................ 46
2.2.1 Passives and tense pairs ........................... 47
2.2.2 Use of 'a and' the ................................. 50
2.2.3 Adverbs and adverb location ........................ 56
2.3 Writing Task: Build a Model ............................... 57
2.3.1 Building a model ................................... 57
2.3.2 Key ................................................ 59
2.3.3 The model .......................................... 66
2.3.4 Testing the model .................................. 67
2.4 Vocabulary ................................................ 75
2.4.1 Vocabulary task .................................... 76
2.4.2 Vocabulary for the Methodology section ............. 77
2.5 Writing a Methodology Section ........................ 88
2.5.1 Write a Methodology section ........................ 88
2.5.2 Key ................................................ 90
Unit 3: Writing about Results
3.1 Structure ................................................. 91
3.2 Grammar and Writing Skills ................................ 94
3.2.1 Sequence ........................................... 94
3.2.2 Frequency .......................................... 99
3.2.3 Quantity .......................................... 102
3.2.4 Causality ......................................... 108
3.3 Writing Task: Build a Model .............................. 111
3.3.1 Building a model .................................. 111
3.3.2 Key ............................................... 113
3.3.3 The model ......................................... 122
3.3.4 Testing the model ................................. 124
3.4 Vocabulary ............................................... 135
3.4.1 Vocabulary task .................................... 136
3.4.2 Vocabulary for the Results section ................. 137
3.5 Writing a Results Section ................................ 149
3.5.1 Write a Results section ........................... 150
3.5.2 Key ............................................... 151
Unit 4: Writing the Discussion/Conclusion
4.1 Structure ................................................ 154
4.2 Grammar and Writing Skills ............................... 158
4.3 Writing Task: Build a Model .............................. 167
4.3.1 Building a model .................................. 167
4.3.2 Key ............................................... 170
4.3.3 The model ......................................... 179
4.3.4 Testing the model ................................. 180
4.4 Vocabulary ............................................... 186
4.4.1 Vocabulary task ................................... 187
4.4.2 Vocabulary for the Discussion/Conclusion .......... 187
4.5 Writing a Discussion/Conclusion .......................... 193
4.5.1 Write a Discussion/Conclusion ...................... 194
Unit 5: Writing the Abstract
5.1 Structure ................................................ 197
5.2 Grammar and Writing Skills ............................... 201
5.2.1 Verb tense ........................................ 201
5.2.2 Length ............................................ 204
5.2.3 Language .......................................... 204
5.3 Writing Task: Build a Model .............................. 205
5.3.1 Building a model .................................. 205
5.3.2 Key ............................................... 206
5.3.3 The models ........................................ 212
5.3.4 Testing the models ................................ 213
5.4 Vocabulary ............................................... 216
5.4.1 Vocabulary task ................................... 217
5.4.2 Vocabulary for the Abstract ....................... 217
5.5 Writing an Abstract ...................................... 221
5.5.1 Write an Abstract ................................. 221
5.5.2 Key ............................................... 224
5.6 Creating a Title ......................................... 224
Sources and Credits ...................................... 229
Useful Resources and Further Reading ..................... 231
Appendix A: Abbreviations Used in Science Writing ............. 233
Appendix B: Prefixes Used in Science Writing .................. 234
Appendix C: Latin and Greek Singular and Plural Forms ......... 239
Appendix D: Useful Verbs ...................................... 241
Index of Contents ............................................. 243
Index of Vocabulary ........................................... 245
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