List of Figures .............................................. xxii
List of Acronyms ............................................ xxiii
1 Introduction to Strategic Work, Language, and Value .......... 1
1.0 Introduction ............................................ 1
1.1 What Does "Strategic" Mean? ............................. 3
1.2 Intention and Context ................................... 7
1.3 Data Difficulties ....................................... 8
1.4 People-Based Difficulties .............................. 10
1.5 Four Paradigms of Strategic Work and Talk .............. 12
1.6 Corporate Strategy's Beginnings ........................ 22
1.7 Convergence of Practitioner and Academic Inputs ........ 24
1.8 Methodological Questions ............................... 26
1.9 Consultants' Inputs .................................... 28
1.10 Academics' Inputs ...................................... 29
1.11 Talk and Communication ................................. 31
1.12 Historical Methods ..................................... 34
1.13 Profit and Growth ...................................... 35
1.14 Summary ................................................ 39
2 Strategic Analysis—Consulting Tools ......................... 42
2.0 On Method .............................................. 42
2.1 Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats
(SWOT) ................................................. 49
2.2 Learning and the Experience Curve ...................... 55
2.3 Life Cycle ............................................. 59
2.4 What is Going On Here? ................................. 62
2.5 Break-Even ............................................. 63
2.6 Porter's 5-Force Analysis and Economic Rents versus
Chandler's "Fit" Approach .............................. 64
2.7 Ansoff's Strategy Matrix ............................... 75
2.8 BCG and Some Other Matrices ............................ 77
2.9 Organizational Change .................................. 78
2.10 Knowledge and K-Flow ................................... 80
2.11 Scenario Planning ...................................... 84
2.12 Culture and Stakeholders ............................... 87
2.13 Triple Bottom Line and the Theory of Sustainable
Society ................................................ 89
2.14 The Balanced Scorecard ................................. 90
2.15 Goldratt's Theory of Constraints ....................... 92
2.16 Summary ................................................ 93
3 Strategic Analysis - Academic Models ........................ 96
3.0 On the Academics' Method and Questions ................. 96
3.1 Value-Chain and Team Production ....................... 111
3.2 Principal-Agent Theory ................................ 113
3.3 Transaction Cost Economics ............................ 118
3.4 Horizontal and Vertical Integration ................... 125
3.5 Penrose on the Growth of the Firm ..................... 126
3.6 Resource- and Capabilities-Based Views ................ 128
3.7 Evolution and Self-Regulation ......................... 132
3.8 Entrepreneurship Theory ............................... 135
3.9 Strategy-as-Practice .................................. 136
3.10 Summary ............................................... 141
4 Building Language and the Business Model ................... 144
4.0 On This Chapter's Method .............................. 144
4.1 The Strategic Task .................................... 146
4.2 Mise en Place ......................................... 150
4.3 Data Collection ....................................... 156
4.4 BM as Language ........................................ 162
4.5 Exploring Language .................................... 168
4.6 BM as Diagram ......................................... 178
4.7 Von Clausewitz's Methodology .......................... 184
4.8 Changing the BM ....................................... 190
4.9 Summary ............................................... 198
5 Persuading Supporters ...................................... 202
5.1 Talk .................................................. 202
5.2 OK, We Have Strategy, Now What? ....................... 207
5.3 Communication ......................................... 215
5.4 Rhetoric .............................................. 227
5.5 Question Theory ....................................... 241
5.6 Strategic Change ...................................... 244
5.7 Summary ............................................... 244
6 The Business Strategist's World ............................ 247
6.1 Making Management's Knowledge ......................... 247
6.2 Practical Philosophizing, or How Managers Do Not
Think Like Academics .................................. 253
6.3 History and the Private Sector Firm ................... 255
6.4 Technology ............................................ 262
6.5 Labor and Work ........................................ 268
6.6 Management Education .................................. 271
6.7 Self-Preparation ...................................... 277
6.8 Summary ............................................... 278
6.9 Concluding Remarks .................................... 278
Appendix A On Case-Writing and Teaching ....................... 281
Appendix В Teaching From This Book ............................ 289
Appendix С Some Strategy Texts and Their Implicit Theory ...... 291
Appendix D Further Reading .................................... 296
Index ......................................................... 305
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