Glossary of Abbreviations .................................... xiii
Preface ..................................................... xxiii
Authors ....................................................... xxv
Introduction ................................................ xxvii
Chapter 1 Unmodified and Modified Silicas ...................... 1
1.1 Interfacial Phenomena at a Surface of Nanosilica ........... 1
1.1.1 Structural and Adsorptive Characteristics of
Nanosilicas ......................................... 1
1.1.2 Adsorption of Water onto Nanosilica Dispersed in
Gases and Organic Liquids .......................... 15
1.1.3 Adsorption of CH4 in the Presence of Preadsorbed
Water .............................................. 47
1.1.4 Competitive Adsorption of Water and Low-Molecular-
Weight Organics .................................... 62
1.1.5 Adsorption of Ice Nucleators ....................... 75
1.1.6 Aqueous Suspensions ............................... 106
1.1.7 Adsorption of Dissolved Compounds ................. 126
1.1.8 Effects of Surface Modification on Adsorption
Phenomena ......................................... 147
1.1.9 Mixtures of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Silicas ... 170
1.1.10 Adsorption of Low- and High-Molecular Organic
Compounds ......................................... 178
1.1.11 Influences of Thermal, Hydrothermal, and
Mechanical Treatments ............................. 200
1.1.12 Cryoporometry and Relaxometry ..................... 227
1.1.13 Comparison of NMR, DSC, TSDC, Adsorption Data,
and Quantum Chemical Models ....................... 235
1.2 Silica Gels, Aerogels, Silochrome, and
Poly(methylsiloxane): Structural, Interfacial and
Adsorption Characteristics, and Structure-Property
Relationships ............................................ 252
1.3 Interfacial Phenomena at Surfaces of Structurally
Ordered Silicas .......................................... 296
1.4 Thin Films and Other Moieties on Silica Supports ......... 329
Chapter 2 Interfacial Phenomena at Surfaces of Mixed Oxides .. 339
2.1 Mixed Nanooxides ......................................... 339
2.1.1 Surface Structure of Nanoparticles ................ 342
2.1.2 Morphology, Structural Hierarchy, and Textural
Characteristics of Powders ........................ 352
2.1.3 Effects of Dispersion Media: Gaseous Phase
and Aqueous Suspensions ........................... 369
2.1.4 Adsorption Phenomena .............................. 376
2.2 Porous Oxides as a Function of Morphology ................ 418
2.3 Structurally Ordered Oxides .............................. 429
2.4 Nanocrystalline and Microcrystalline Materials ........... 432
2.5 Clays, Zeolites, and Other Natural Minerals .............. 436
2.5.1 Silicalite ........................................ 436
2.5.2 Influence of Al Content on Hydration of Zeolites
of a ZSM-5 Type in Aqueous Suspension ............. 442
2.5.3 Zeolites and Other Aluminosilicates ............... 445
Chapter 3 Interfacial Phenomena at Surfaces of Carbon
Materials ..................................................... 455
3.1 Texture of Carbonaceous Materials and Chemical Shift
of Adsorbed Molecules .................................... 457
3.1.1 Graphitized Materials ............................. 458
3.1.2 Nongraphitized Carbonaceous Materials ............. 459
3.1.3 Polar Sites on a Carbon Surface ................... 460
3.1.4 Peculiarities of NMR Spectroscopy for Molecules
Adsorbed on Carbon Surface ........................ 462
3.2 Activated Carbons ........................................ 463
3.2.1 ACs Obtained from Natural Precursors .............. 464
3.2.2 ACs Obtained from Synthetic Precursors ............ 477
3.2.2.1 Location of Adsorbates in Porous Media ... 477
3.2.2.2 Effect of Weakly Polar Organics on
Adsorbate Localization in Pores of ACs ... 489
3.3 Graphitized Carbons and Graphite ......................... 506
3.3.1 Exfoliated Graphite ............................... 506
3.3.2 Oxidized Graphite and Graphene .................... 509
3.3.3 Intercalated Graphite ............................. 513
3.3.4 Partly Graphitized AC ............................. 515
3.4 Carbon Nanotubes ......................................... 519
Chapter 4 Interfacial Phenomena at Carbon-Mineral
Composites .................................................... 523
4.1 Carbon Blacks ............................................ 524
4.2 Carbonized Silicas and Mixed Oxides ...................... 526
4.2.1 Structure of Adsorption Sites on CS Composed
of Nonporous Nanoparticles ........................ 543
4.2.2 Ordered Layers of Water at a Surface of CS
Composed of Nonporous Nanoparticles ............... 546
4.2.3 Influence of the Degree of Carbonization on
Hydration Parameters of Modified Porous Silica .... 549
4.2.4 CS Modified with Zinc, Titanium, and Zirconium
Oxides ............................................ 558
Chapter 5 Interfacial Phenomena at Polymer Surfaces .......... 579
5.1 Natural Polymers: Cellulose, Starch, Chitosan,
Hyaluronic Acid, and Others .............................. 579
5.2 Synthetic Polymers ....................................... 600
5.2.1 Structural Features of Polymer Adsorbent
LiChrolut EN and Interfacial Behavior of Water
and Water-Organic Mixtures ........................ 607
5.3 Hydrogels and Cryogels ................................... 619
5.4 Polymer-Nanooxide Systems ................................ 640
5.5 Polymers in Confined Space of Pores ...................... 648
Chapter 6 Interactions of Biomacromolecules with Water,
Organic Compounds, and Oxides, Polymers, and Carbon
Adsorbents .................................................... 659
6.1 Proteins ................................................. 659
6.2 Proteins in Adsorbed State ............................... 680
6.2.1 Interactions of Proteins with Oxides .............. 680
6.2.2 Interactions of Proteins with Carbon Materials .... 733
6.2.3 Interactions of Proteins with Polymers ............ 740
6.3 DNA ...................................................... 750
6.4 Lipids ................................................... 772
Chapter 7 Water Associated with Bio-Objects: Cells and
Tissues ....................................................... 777
7.1 Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cells ..................... 777
7.1.1 Water Bound in Weakly and Strongly Hydrated
Yeast S. cerevisiae Cells ......................... 780
7.1.2 Structural and Energetic Differentiation of
Water in Partially Dried Yeast Cells Affected
by Organic Solvents ............................... 790
7.1.3 Effect of Disperse Silica on Bound Water in
Frozen Cellular Suspensions ....................... 799
7.1.4 Effects of Nanosilica on Phase Equilibrium in
Aqueous Suspensions of Yeast Cells and Gelatin .... 805
7.1.5 Influence of Highly Disperse Materials on
Physiological Activity of Yeast Cells ............. 807
7.2 Intracellular Water in Partially Dehydrated Bone Marrow
Cells .................................................... 811
7.3 Freeze-Dried Bovine Gametes with Organic Additives ....... 820
7.4 Red Blood Cells .......................................... 824
7.5 Bone Tissue .............................................. 836
7.5.1 WAW and SAW Bound in Bone Tissue .................. 836
7.5.2 Characteristics of Water Bound in Human Bone
Tissues Healthy and Affected by Osteoporosis ...... 841
7.5.3 Self-Organization of Water-Organic Systems in
Bone Tissue and Products of Its Chemical
Degradation ....................................... 847
7.5.4 Bone Tissue Models ................................ 855
7.6 Muscular Tissues ......................................... 860
7.6.1 Chicken Muscular Tissue ........................... 860
7.6.2 Effect of Dispersed Silica on Hydration of
Forcemeat ......................................... 865
7.6.3 Pork Meat and Fat ................................. 867
7.7 Intracellular Water and Cryopreservation ................. 869
7.7.1 Water-DMSO Mixtures ............................... 869
7.7.2 Clusterization of Water in Ternary Systems with
DMSO or Acetonitrile and Chloroform ............... 872
Chapter 8 Interaction of Seeds, Herbs, and Related
Materials with Water and Nanooxides ........................... 877
Chapter 9 Recurring Trends in Adsorption, Spectroscopy,
and Other Interfacial Experiments ............................. 909
Chapter 10 Methods ............................................ 915
10.1 Low-Temperature 'H NMR Spectroscopy ...................... 915
10.2 Low-Temperature Nitrogen Adsorption ...................... 927
10.3 Adsorption of Water and Organics ......................... 932
10.4 Polymer and Protein Adsorption ........................... 934
10.5 Infrared Spectroscopy .................................... 934
10.6 Thermogravimetry ......................................... 935
10.7 Differential Scanning Calorimetry ........................ 935
10.8 Auger Electron Spectroscopy .............................. 935
10.9 Temperature-Programmed Desorption with Mass-
Spectrometry Control .................................... 936
10.10 Thermally Stimulated Depolarization Current ............. 937
10.11 Dielectric Relaxation Spectroscopy ...................... 939
10.12 Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy ........................ 940
10.13 Rheometry ............................................... 941
10.14 Potentiometric Titration ................................ 942
10.15 Photon Correlation Spectroscopy ......................... 942
10.16 Adsorption of Metal Ions ................................ 944
10.17 X-Ray Diffraction ....................................... 944
10.18 Raman Spectroscopy ...................................... 945
10.19 AFM, SEM, and ТЕМ ....................................... 945
10.20 Quantum Chemistry ....................................... 946
10.21 Conclusions ............................................. 948
Acknowledgments ............................................... 950
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