1 Introduction ............................................... 1
2 Procedures of Mechanical Surface Treatments ................ 9
2.1 Shot Peening ............................................... 9
2.1.1 Definition and Delimitation of Procedure ............ 9
2.1.2 Application Examples ................................ 9
2.1.3 Devices, Tools and Important Parameters ............ 11
2.2 Stress Peening ............................................ 14
2.2.1 Definition and Delimitation of Procedure ........... 14
2.2.2 Application Examples ............................... 14
2.2.3 Devices, Tools and Important Parameters ............ 15
2.3 Warm Peening .............................................. 15
2.3.1 Definition and Delimitation of Procedure ........... 15
2.3.2 Application Examples ............................... 25
2.3.3 Devices, Tools and Important Parameters ............ 16
2.4 Stress Peening at Elevated Temperature .................... 16
2.5 Deep Rolling .............................................. 16
2.5.1 Definition and Delimitation of Procedure ........... 16
2.5.2 Application Examples ............................... 17
2.5.3 Devices, Tools and Important Parameters ............ 18
2.6 Laser Peening ............................................. 19
2.6.1 Definition and Delimitation of Procedure ........... 39
2.6.2 Application Examples ............................... 20
2.6.3 Devices, Tools and Important Parameters ............ 20
3 Surface Layer States after Mechanical Surface Treatments
3.1 Shot Peening .............................................. 25
3.1.1 Process Models ..................................... 25
3.1.2 Changes in the Surface State ....................... 44
3.2 Stress Peening ............................................ 72
3.2.1 Process Models ..................................... 72
3.2.2 Changes in the Surface State ....................... 74
3.3 Warm Peening .............................................. 81
3.3.1 Process Models ..................................... 81
3.3.2 Changes in the Surface State ....................... 84
3.4 Stress Peening at elevated Temperature .................... 87
3.5 Deep Rolling .............................................. 89
3.5.1 Process Models ..................................... 89
3.5.2 Changes in the Surface State ....................... 92
3.6 Laser Peening ............................................ 101
3.6.1 Process Models .................................... 101
3.6.2 Changes in the Surface State ...................... 108
4 Changes of Surface States due to Thermal Loading ......... 135
4.1 Process Models ........................................... 135
4.1.1 Elementary Processes .............................. 135
4.1.2 Quantitative Description of Processes ............. 137
4.2 Experimental Results and their Descriptions .............. 140
4.2.1 Influences on Shape and Topography ................ 140
4.2.2 Influences on Residual Stress State ............... 142
4.2.3 Influences on Workhardening State ................. 157
4.2.4 Influences on Microstracture ...................... 170
5 Changes of Surface Layer States due to Quasi-static
Loading .................................................. 179
5.1 Process Models ........................................... 179
5.1.1 Elementary Processes .............................. 179
5.1.2 Quantitative Description of Processes ............. 180
5.2 Experimental Results and their Descriptions .............. 184
5.2.1 Influences on Shape and Deformation Behavior ...... 184
5.2.2 Influences on Residual Stress State ............... 186
5.2.3 Influences on Workhardening State ................. 227
5.2.4 Influences on Microstructure ...................... 243
6 Changes of Surface States during Cyclic Loading .......... 247
6.1 Process Models ...................................... 247
6.1.1 Elementary Processes .............................. 247
6.1.2 Quantitative Description of Processes ............. 250
6.2 Experimental Results and their Descriptions .............. 260
6.2.1 Influences on Residual Stress State ............... 260
6.2.2 Influences on Worhardening State .................. 291
6.2.3 Influences on Microstructure ...................... 298
6.3 Effects of Surface Layer Stability on Behavior during
Cyclic Loading ........................................... 303
6.3.1 Basic Results ..................................... 303
6.3.2 Effects on Cyclic Deformation Behavior ............ 304
6.3.3 Effects on Crack Initiation Behavior .............. 310
6.3.4 Effects on Crack Propagation Behavior ............. 313
6.3.5 Effects on Fatigue Behavior ....................... 319
7 Summary .................................................. 355
Acknowledgments ............................................... 365
Index ......................................................... 367
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