Likhtenshtein G. Solar energy conversion: chemical aspects. - Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2012. - x, 273 p.: ill. - Incl. bibl. ref. - Ind.: p.265-273. - ISBN 978-3-527-32874-1  Место хранения:   024 | Институт неорганической химии им. А.В.Николаева CO РАН | Новосибирск

Оглавление / Contents

Preface ........................................................ IX 1 Electron Transfer Theories ................................... 1 1.1 Introduction ............................................ 1 1.2 Theoretical Models ...................................... 1 1.2.1 Basic Two States Models .......................... 1 1.2.1.1 Landau-Zener Model ...................... 1 1.2.1.2 Marcus Model ............................ 3 1.2.1.3 Electronic and Nuclear Quantum Mechanical Effects ...................... 5 1.2.2 Further Developments in the Marcus Model ......... 7 1.2.2.1 Electron Coupling ....................... 7 1.2.2.2 Driving Force and Reorganization Energy .................................. 9 1.2.3 Zusman Model and its Development ................ 17 1.2.4 Effect of Nonequilibrity on Driving Force and Reorganization .................................. 21 1.2.5 Long-Range Electron Transfer .................... 24 1.2.6 Spin Effects on Charge Separation ............... 28 1.2.7 Electron-Proton Transfer Coupling ............... 29 1.2.8 Specificity of Electrochemical Electron Transfer ........................................ 33 1.3 Concerted and Multielectron Processes .................. 38 References .................................................. 40 2 Principal Stages of Photosynthetic Light Energy Conversion .. 45 2.1 Introduction ........................................... 45 2.2 Light-Harvesting Antennas .............................. 46 2.2.1 General ......................................... 46 2.2.2 Bacterial Antenna Complex Proteins .............. 47 2.2.2.1 The Structure of the Light-Harvesting Complex ................................ 47 2.2.2.2 Dynamic Processes in LHC ............... 48 2.2.3 Photosystems I and II Harvesting Antennas ....... 49 2.3 Reaction Center of Photosynthetic Bacteria ............. 53 2.3.1 Introduction .................................... 53 2.3.2 Structure of RCPB ............................... 56 2.3.3 Kinetics and Mechanism of Electron Transfer in RCPB ............................................ 58 2.3.4 Electron Transfer and Molecular Dynamics in RCPB ............................................ 64 2.4 Reaction Centers of Photosystems I and II .............. 68 2.4.1 Reaction Centers of PS I ........................ 69 2.4.2 Reaction Center of Photosystem II ............... 72 2.5 Water Oxidation System ................................. 76 References .................................................. 84 3 Photochemical Systems of the Light Energy Conversion ........ 91 3.1 Introduction ........................................... 91 3.2 Charge Separation in Donor-Acceptor Pairs .............. 92 3.2.1 Introduction .................................... 92 3.2.2 Cyclic Tetrapyrroles ............................ 93 3.2.3 Miscellaneous Donor-Acceptor Systems ........... 101 3.2.4 Photophysical and Photochemical Processes in Dual Flourophore-Nitroxide Molecules (FNO) ..... 106 3.3 Electron Flow through Proteins ........................ 113 3.3.1 Factors Affecting Light Energy Conversion in Dual Fluorophore-Nitroxide Molecules in a Protein ........................................ 116 3.3.2 Photoinduced Interlayer Electron Transfer in Lipid Films .................................... 118 References ................................................. 121 4 Redox Processes on Surface of Semiconductors and Metals .... 127 4.1 Redox Processes on Semiconductors ..................... 127 4.1.1 Introduction ................................... 127 4.1.2 Interfacial Electron Transfer Dynamics in Sensitized TiO2 ................................ 127 4.1.3 Electron Transfer in Miscellaneous Semiconductors ................................. 130 4.1.3.1 Single-Molecule Interfacial Electron Transfer in Donor-Bridge- Nanoparticle Acceptor Complexes ....... 130 4.1 A Redox Processes on Carbon Materials ................. 133 4.2 Redox Processes on Metal Surfaces ..................... 136 4.3 Electron Transfer in Miscellaneous Systems ............ 144 References ................................................. 147 5 Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells I ............................... 151 5.1 General Information on Solar Cells .................... 151 5.2 Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells ............................ 153 5.2.1 General ........................................ 153 5.2.2 Primary Grвtzel DSSC ........................... 155 5.3 DSSC Components ....................................... 158 5.3.1 Sensitizers .................................... 158 5.3.1.1 Ruthenium Complexes ................... 158 5.3.1.2 Metalloporphyrins ..................... 159 5.3.1.3 Organic Dyes .......................... 161 5.3.1.4 Semiconductor Sensitizes .............. 167 5.3.2 Photoanode ..................................... 168 5.3.3 Injection and Recombination .................... 171 5.3.4 Charge Carrier Systems ......................... 175 5.3.5 Cathode ........................................ 182 5.3.6 Solid-State DSSC ............................... 185 References ................................................. 189 6 Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells II .............................. 199 6.1 Optical Fiber DSSC .................................... 199 6.2 Tandem DSSC ........................................... 202 6.3 Quantum Dot Solar Cells ............................... 208 6.4 Polymers in Solar Cells ............................... 211 6.5 Fabrication of Solar Cell Components .................. 219 6.6 Fullerene-Based Solar Cells ........................... 223 References ................................................. 229 7 Photocatalytic Reduction and Oxidation of Water ............ 235 7.1 Introduction .......................................... 235 7.2 Photocatalytic Dihydrogen Production .................. 236 7.2.1 Photocatalytic H2 Evolution over Ti02 .......... 236 7.2.2 Miscellaneous Semiconductor Photocatalysts for H2 Evolution ............................... 237 7.2.3 Photocatalytic H2 Evolution from Water Based on Platinum and Palladium Complexes ............ 240 7.3 Water Splitting into O2 and H2 ........................ 241 7.3.1 Thermodynamics and Feasable Mechanism of the Water Splitting ................................ 241 7.3.2 Mn Clusters as Water Oxidizing Photocatalysts .. 242 7.3.2.1 Structure and Catalytic Activity of Cubane Manganese Clusters ............. 242 7.3.2.2 Catalytic Activity and Mechanism of WOS in Manganese Clusters ............. 244 7.3.3 Heterogeneous Catalysts for WOS ................ 248 7.3.3.1 General ............................... 248 7.3.3.2 Photocatalysts Based on Titanium Oxides ................................ 250 7.3.3.3 Miscellaneous Semiconductors for the WOS Catalysis ......................... 251 References ................................................. 256 Conclusions ................................................... 261 References .................................................... 263 Index ......................................................... 265