Gardner T. Monitoring forest biodiversity: improving conservation through ecologically-responsible management. - London; New York: Earthscan, 2010. - xxvii, 360 p.: ill., maps. - (The Earthscan Forest Library). - Ref.: p.313-350. - Ind.: p.351-360. - ISBN 978-0-415-50715-8  Место хранения:   034 | Институт леса СО РАН | Красноярск | Библиотека

Оглавление / Contents

List of Figures, Tables and Boxes .............................. ix Foreword ..................................................... xvii Acknowledgements List of Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................. xx Introduction .................................................. xxi Purpose of this book: How can monitoring contribute to forest biodiversity conservation? Structure and scope of the book PART I: THE CONTEXT OF MONITORING FOREST BIODIVERSITY 1 Biodiversity Conservation in Human-modified and Managed Forests ...................................................... 1 Biodiversity in logged forests Biodiversity in regenerating forests Biodiversity in agroforestry systems Biodiversity in tree plantations An ecosystem approach to forest conservation 2 The Origins and Development of Ecologically Responsible Forest Management ........................................... 17 The origins of sustainable forest management (SFM) Sustainable forest management as a guiding vision versus a measurable standard Criteria and indicators in forest management 3 The Need for Forest Biodiversity Monitoring ................. 33 Scientific uncertainty and biodiversity conservation in human-modified forest ecosystems The purpose of biodiversity monitoring as a guide to management 4 A Typology of Approaches and Indicators for Monitoring Forest Biodiversity ......................................... 41 Monitoring approaches Monitoring indicators PART II: CHALLENGES FACING FOREST BIODIVERSITY MONITORING 5 Challenges to Monitoring: Problems of Purpose ............... 57 The challenge of setting conservation goals and objectives as a basis for management and monitoring A growing crisis of credibility in the value and purpose of monitoring The importance of definitions and terminology to provide clarity of purpose 6 Challenges to Monitoring: Problems of Design ................ 67 The challenge of selecting appropriate indicators for biodiversity monitoring Setting management objectives and interpreting indicator change in biodiversity monitoring programmes 7 Challenges to Monitoring: Problems of Reality ............... 89 Adaptive forest management Challenges to monitoring from governance and regulatory institutions Cultural challenges to monitoring PART III: AN OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR MONITORING FOREST BIODIVERSITY 8 Clarifying Purpose: An Operational Framework for Monitoring Forest Biodiversity .............................. 99 Understanding the role of different monitoring approaches in forest management Understanding the role of different indicators in the monitoring process Bringing it all together: Implementing an operational framework for biodiversity monitoring as a guide to responsible forest management 9 Setting Conservation Goals for Biodiversity Monitoring ..... 113 Stakeholders and the value of biodiversity Managing to conserve species and maintain ecological integrity Selecting indicators to validate changes in forest condition Selecting a reference condition to guide forest biodiversity monitoring 10 Setting Objectives for Biodiversity Monitoring ............. 125 Biodiversity conservation research and monitoring in modified forest systems: an assessment of work to date Selecting high priority research objectives for biodiversity monitoring 11 Selecting Indicators of Forest Structure to Assess Management Performance ..................................... 149 Indicators of forest structure at the stand scale Indicators of forest structure at the landscape scale Selecting forest structural indicators Bringing it all together: a general framework for selecting structural indicators 12 Selecting Biological Indicators and Target Species to Evaluate Progress Towards Conservation Goals ............... 171 A framework for selecting ecological disturbance indicator groups The contribution of individual target species to biodiversity monitoring 13 Making Assumptions Explicit: The Value of Conceptual Modelling in Biodiversity Monitoring ....................... 199 Distinguishing the role of conceptual frameworks and models in biodiversity monitoring The value of conceptual models in articulating cause-effect relationships for biodiversity monitoring programmes Building conceptual models for biodiversity monitoring A summary of the role of conceptual models in biodiversity monitoring 14 Sampling Design and Data Collection in Biodiversity Monitoring ................................................. 223 Step 1: Clarify the research objective Step 2: Clarify the spatial and temporal scope Step 3: Think about experimental design Step 4: Think about confounding factors Step 5: Specify independent sample units Step 6: Select appropriate variables for measuring change in biological indicators and target species Step 7: Select additional environmental variables Step 8: Select sampling method(s) Step 9: Decide on an appropriate level of independent sample replication Step 10: Decide on an appropriate level of sub-sampling Step 11: Evaluate whether the time-frame available for monitoring is adequate Step 12: Evaluate whether necessary resources and expertise are available Step 13: Think hard about how to analyse the data before it is collected Step 14: Preserve data integrity through careful recording and storage Step 15: Be prepared to adapt 15 Analysis and Interpretation of Biodiversity Data ........... 257 Describing biodiversity Detecting change and assessing management performance Evaluating change and validating management performance Analysing biodiversity data in context: The importance of multiple management objectives and trade-offs 16 Putting Forest Biodiversity Monitoring to Work ............. 291 The importance of people Making biodiversity monitoring programmes viable and effective in the long term The way ahead Index ......................................................... 351