List of Figures and Plates .................................... vii
Picture Acknowledgements ....................................... xi
Contributors ................................................. xiii
Foreword by Mary Ann Meyers .................................. xvii
1 Introduction - Becoming human: changing perspectives
on the emergence of human values ............................. 1
Colin Renfrew
2 The emergence of symbolic thought: the principal steps
of hominisation leading towards greater complexity .......... 10
Henry de Lumley
SECTION I: AFRICAN ORIGINS, EUROPEAN BEGINNINGS,
AND WORLD PREHISTORY
3 The origins of symbolism, spirituality, and shamans:
exploring Middle Stone Age material culture in South
Africa ...................................................... 29
Christopher Henshilwood
4 Neanderthal symbolic behaviour? ............................. 50
Jane M. Renfrew
5 Identifying ancient religious thought and iconography:
problems of definition, preservation, and interpretation
Paul S.C. Taçon ............................................. 61
6 Situating the creative explosion: universal or local? ....... 74
Colin Renfrew
SECTION II: APPROACHES TO 'ART AND RELIGION'
7 The roots of art and religion in ancient material culture ... 95
Merlin Donald
8 The archaeology of early religious practices: a plea for
a hypothesis-testing approach Francesco d'Errico ........... 104
9 Out of the mind: material culture and the supernatural ..... 123
Steven Mithen
10 Of people and pictures: the nexus of Upper Palaeolithic
religion, social discrimination, and art ................... 135
David Lewis-Williams
11 Ritual and music: parallels and practice, and the
Palaeolithic ............................................... 159
Iain Morley
SECTION III: THE EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE
12 Materiality and meaning-making in the understanding
of the Palaeolithic 'arts' ................................. 179
Margaret W. Conkey
13 Sticking bones into cracks in the Upper Palaeolithic ....... 195
Jean Clones
14 Cognition and climate: why is Upper Palaeolithic cave
art almost confined to the Franco-Cantabrian region? ....... 212
Paul Mellars
SECTION IV: REFLECTIONS ON THE ORIGINS OF SPIRITUALITY
15 Interdisciplinary perspectives on human origins and
religious awareness ........................................ 235
J. Wentzel van Huyssteen
16 Innovation in material and spiritual culture: exploring
conjectured relationships .................................. 253
Keith Ward
Index ......................................................... 269
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