Schweitzer P.A. Corrosion engineering handbook. Corrosion of polymers and elastomer. - 2nd ed. - Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2007. - 578 p.: ill. - Ind.: p.577-578. - ISBN 0-8493-8245-9  Место хранения:   058 | Институт физики прочности и материаловедения CO РАН | Томск | Библиотека

Оглавление / Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction to Polymers ............................. 1 1.1 Additives .................................................. 5 1.2 Permeation ................................................. 6 1.3 Absorption ................................................. 2 1.4 Painting of Polymers ...................................... 15 1.5 Corrosion of Polymers ..................................... 16 Chapter 2 Thermoplastic Polymers .............................. 19 2.1 Joining of Thermoplastics ................................. 30 2.1.1 Use of Adhesive .................................... 32 2.2 Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) ..................... 37 2.3 Acrylics .................................................. 37 2.4 Chlotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) .............................. 41 2.5 Ethylenechlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) ................... 46 2.6 Ethylene Tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) ....................... 51 2.7 Fluorinated Ethylene-Propylene (FEP) ...................... 51 2.8 Polyamides (PA) ........................................... 60 2.9 Polyamide-Imide (PAI) ..................................... 65 2.10 Polybutylene (PB) ......................................... 66 2.11 Polycarbonate (PC) ........................................ 68 2.12 Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) ............................... 70 2.13 Polyether-Imide (PEI) ..................................... 73 2.14 Polyether Sulfone (PES) ................................... 75 2.15 Perfluoralkoxy (PFA) ...................................... 77 2.16 Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) ............................ 81 2.17 Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) ............................ 82 2.18 Polyethylene (PE) ......................................... 91 2.19 Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) ......................... 100 2.20 Polyimide (PI) ........................................... 102 2.21 Polyphenylene Oxide (PPO) ................................ 103 2.22 Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) .............................. 104 2.23 Polypropylene (PP) ....................................... 108 2.24 Styrene-Acrylonitrile (SAN) .............................. 113 2.25 Polyvinylidene Chloride (PVDC) ........................... 114 2.26 Polysulfone (PSF) ........................................ 118 2.27 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) ................................. 121 2.28 Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC) .................... 129 2.29 Chlorinated Polyether (CPE) .............................. 134 2.20 Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) .................................. 134 2.31 Polyurethane (PUR) ....................................... 138 2.32 Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) ......................... 141 2.33 Acetals .................................................. 143 References .................................................... 146 Chapter 3 Thermoset Polymers ................................. 147 3.1 Corrosion of Thermosets .................................. 147 3.2 Joining of Thermosets .................................... 151 3.3 Ultraviolet Light Stability .............................. 151 3.4 Reinforcing Materials .................................... 151 3.4.1 Glass Fibers ...................................... 152 3.4.1.1 E Glass .................................. 152 3.4.1.2 С Glass .................................. 152 3.4.1.3 S Glass .................................. 154 3.4.1.4 Glass Filaments .......................... 154 3.4.1.5 Chopped Strands .......................... 155 3.4.1.6 Glass Mats ............................... 155 3.4.1.7 Glass Fabrics ............................ 155 3.4.2 Polyester ......................................... 155 3.4.3 Carbon Fiber ...................................... 156 3.4.4 Aramid Fibers ..................................... 156 3.4.5 Polyethylene Fibers ............................... 157 3.4.6 Paper ............................................. 157 3.4.7 Cotton and Linen .................................. 158 3.5 Polyesters ............................................... 158 3.5.1 General Purpose Polyesters ........................ 160 3.5.2 Isophthalic Polyesters ............................ 161 3.5.2.1 Typical Applications ..................... 165 3.5.3 Bisphenol A Fumarate Polyesters ................... 166 3.5.3.1 Typical Applications ..................... 173 3.5.4 Halogenated Polyesters ............................ 173 3.5.4.1 Typical Applications ..................... 178 3.5.5 Terephthalate Polyesters (PET) .................... 178 3.5.5.1 Typical Applications ..................... 180 3.6 Epoxy Polyesters ......................................... 180 3.6.1 Resin Types ....................................... 181 3.6.2 Curing ............................................ 182 3.6.2.1 Aromatic Amines .......................... 183 3.6.2.2 Aliphatic Amines ......................... 183 3.6.2.3 Catalytic Curing Agents .................. 183 3.6.2.4 Acid Anhydrides .......................... 183 3.6.3 Corrosion Resistance .............................. 184 3.6.4 Typical Applications .............................. 184 3.7 Vinyl Esters ............................................. 188 3.7.1 Typical Applications .............................. 194 3.8 Furans ................................................... 194 3.8.1 Typical Applications .............................. 199 3.9 Phenolics ................................................ 199 3.9.1 Typical Applications .............................. 199 3.10 Phenol-Formaldehyde ...................................... 204 3.10.1 Typical Applications .............................. 204 3.11 Silicones ................................................ 207 3.11.1 Typical Applications .............................. 210 3.12 Siloxirane .............................................. 210 3.12.1 Typical Applications .............................. 211 3.13 Polyurethanes ............................................ 211 3.13.1 Typical Applications .............................. 211 3.14 Melamines ................................................ 211 3.14.1 Typical Applications .............................. 213 3.15 Alkyds ................................................... 213 3.15.1 Typical Applications .............................. 213 3.16 Ureas (Aminos) ........................................... 214 3.17 Allyls ................................................... 214 3.18 Polybutadienes ........................................... 215 3.19 Polyimides ............................................... 218 3.19.1 Typical Applications .............................. 219 3.20 Cyanate Esters ........................................... 219 References .................................................... 219 Chapter 4 Comparative Corrosion Resistance of Thermoplastic and Thermoset Polymers ............................. 221 Reference ..................................................... 441 Chapter 5 Elastomers ......................................... 443 5.1 Introduction ............................................. 443 5.1.1 Importance of Compounding ......................... 445 5.1.2 Similarities of Elastomers and Thermoplastic Polymers .......................................... 446 5.1.3 Differences between Elastomers and Thermoplasts ... 446 5.1.4 Causes of Failure ................................. 447 5.1.5 Selecting an Elastomer ............................ 448 5.1.6 Corrosion Resistance .............................. 451 5.1.7 Applications ...................................... 452 5.1.8 Elastomer Designations ............................ 453 5.2 Natural Rubber ........................................... 453 5.2.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 454 5.2.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 454 5.2.3 Applications ...................................... 459 5.3 Isoprene Rubber (IR) ..................................... 459 5.4 Neoprene(CR) ............................................. 460 5.3 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone .................... 460 5.4.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 460 5.4.3 Applications ...................................... 465 5.5 Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR, Buna-S, GR-S) ............. 467 5.5.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 467 5.5.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 468 5.5.3 Applications ...................................... 469 5.6 Nitrile Rubber (NBR, Buna-N) ............................. 470 5.6.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 470 5.6.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 470 5.6.3 Applications ...................................... 470 5.7 Butyl Rubber (IIR) and Chlorobutyl Rubber (CIIR) ......... 472 5.7.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 472 5.7.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 473 5.7.3 Applications ...................................... 478 5.8 Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene Rubber (Hypalon) ........... 478 5.8.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 479 5.8.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 479 5.8.3 Applications ...................................... 479 5.9 Polybutadiene Rubber (BR) ................................ 484 5.9.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 484 5.9.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 484 5.9.3 Applications ...................................... 486 5.10 Ethylene-Acrylic (EA) Rubber ............................. 486 5.10.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 487 5.10.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 487 5.10.3 Applications ...................................... 487 5.11 Acrylate-Butadiene Rubber (ABR) and Acrylic Ester- Acrylic Halide (ACM) Rubbers ............................. 487 5.11.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 487 5.11.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 488 5.11.3 Applications ...................................... 488 5.12 Ethylene-Propylene Rubbers (EPDM and EPT) ................ 488 5.12.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 489 5.12.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 489 5.12.3 Applications ...................................... 489 5.13 Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) Rubber ................... 497 5.13.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 497 5.13.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 497 5.13.3 Applications ...................................... 497 5.14 Styrene-Ethylene-Butylene-Styrene (SEBS) Rubber .......... 497 5.14.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 498 5.14.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 498 5.14.3 Applications ...................................... 498 5.15 Polysulfide Rubbers (ST and FA) .......................... 498 5.15.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 498 5.15.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 499 5.15.3 Applications ...................................... 502 5.16 Urethane Rubbers (AU) .................................... 502 5.16.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 503 5.16.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 504 5.16.3 Applications ...................................... 509 5.17 Polyamides ............................................... 510 5.17.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 511 5.17.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 511 5.17.3 Applications ...................................... 514 5.18 Polyester (PE) Elastomer ................................. 514 5.18.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 515 5.18.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 515 5.18.3 Applications ...................................... 515 5.19 Thermoplastic Elastomers (TPE) Olefinic Type (TEO) ....... 518 5.19.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 519 5.19.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 519 5.19.3 Applications ...................................... 519 5.20 Silicone (SI) and Fluorosilicone (FSI) Rubbers ........... 519 5.20.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 520 5.20.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 520 5.20.3 Applications ...................................... 523 5.21 Vinylidene Fluoride (HFP, PVDF) .......................... 524 5.21.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 525 5.21.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 525 5.21.3 Applications ...................................... 525 5.22 Fluoroelastomers (FKM) ................................... 530 5.22.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 531 5.22.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 531 5.22.3 Applications ...................................... 531 5.23 Ethylene-Tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) Elastomer ............ 537 5.23.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 537 5.23.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 537 5.23.3 Applications ...................................... 541 5.24 Ethylene-Chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) Elastomer ....... 541 5.24.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 542 5.24.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 542 5.24.3 Applications ...................................... 546 5.25 Perfluoroelastomers (FPM) ................................ 546 5.25.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 548 5.25.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 548 5.25.3 Applications ...................................... 560 5.26 Epichlorohydrin Rubber ................................... 561 5.26.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 561 5.26.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 561 5.26.3 Applications ...................................... 561 5.27 Ethylene-Vinylacetate Copolymer (EVM) ................... 562 5.27.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 562 5.27.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 562 5.27.3 Applications ...................................... 562 5.28 Chlorinated Polyethylene (CM) ............................ 562 5.28.1 Resistance to Sun, Weather, and Ozone ............. 562 5.28.2 Chemical Resistance ............................... 562 5.28.3 Applications ...................................... 562 Chapter 6 Comparative Corrosion Resistance of Selected Elastomers ......................................... 563 Reference ..................................................... 575 Index ......................................................... 577