Smithsonian at the poles: contributions to International Polar Year science / ed. by Krupnik I., Lang M.A., Miller S.E. - Washington: Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, 2009. - xv, 405 p.: ill. (some col.), maps. - (Smithsonian contribution to knowledge). - Ind.: p.395-405. - ISBN-10 0-9788460-1-X; ISBN-13 978-0-9788460-1-5  Место хранения:   06 | Якутский научный центр СО РАН | Якутск | Центральная научная библиотека Якутского научного центра СО РАН

Оглавление / Contents

FOREWORD by Ira Rubinoff ....................................... ix EXECUTTVE SUMMARY by Michael A. Lang .......................... xii INTRODUCTION by Igor Krupnik, Michael A. Lang, and Scott E. Miller ..................................................... xiv BPY HISTORIES AND LEGACIES Advancing Polar Research and Communicating Its Wonders: Quests, Questions, and Capabilities of Weather and Climate Studies in International Polar Years ............................ l James R. Fleming, Colby College Cara Seitchek, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Cooperation at the Poles? Placing the First International Polar Year in the Context of Nineteenth-Century Scientific Exploration and Collaboration .................................. 13 Marc Rothenberg, National Science Foundation The Policy Process and the International Geophysical Year, 1957-1958 ...................................................... 23 Fae L. Korsmo, National Science Foundation Preserving the Origins of the Space Age: The Material Legacy of the International Geophysical Year (1957-1958) at the National Air and Space Museum .................................. 35 David H. De Vorkin, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution From Ballooning in the Arctic to 10,000-Foot Runways in Antarctica: Lessons from Historic Archaeology .................. 49 Noel D. Broadbent, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution CULTURAL STUDIES "Of No Ordinary Importance": Reversing Polarities in Smithsonian Arctic Studies ..................................... 61 William W. Fitzhugh, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution Yup'ik Eskimo Contributions to Arctic Research at the Smithsonian .................................................... 79 Ann Fienup-Riordan, National Museum of Natural History Arctic Studies Center, Anchorage Smithsonian Contributions to Alaskan Ethnography: The First IPY Expedition to Barrow, 1881-1883 ............................ 89 Ernest S. Burch Jr., National Museum of Natural History Arctic Studies Center, Camp Hill The Art of Inupiaq Whaling: Elders' Interpretations of International Polar Year Ethnological Collections .............. 99 Aron L. Crowell, National Museum of Natural History Arctic Studies Center, Anchorage From Tent to Trading Post and Back Again: Smithsonian Anthropology in Nunavut, Nunavik, Nitassinan, and Nunatsiavut -The Changing IPY Agenda, 1882-2007 ........................... 115 Stephen boring, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution "The Way We See It Coming": Building the Legacy of Indigenous Observations in IPY 2007-2008 ...................... 129 Igor Krupnik, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution SYSTEMATICS AND BIOLOGY OF POLAR ORGANISMS Species Diversity and Distributions of Pelagic Calanoid Copepods from the Southern Ocean .............................. 143 E. Taisoo Park, Texas A & M University Frank D. Ferrari, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution Brooding in Species Diversity in the Southern Ocean: Selection for Brooders or Speciation within Brooding Clades? ....................................................... 181 John S. Pearse, University of California, Santa Cruz Richard Mooi, California Academy of Sciences Susanne J. Lockhart, California Academy of Sciences Angelika Brandt, Zoologisches Institut und Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg Persistent Elevated Abundance of Octopods in an Overfished Antarctic Area ................................................ 197 Michael Vecchione, National Marine Fisheries Service Louise Allcock, Queen's University Belfast Uwe Piatkowski, Universitat Kiel, Germany Elaina Jorgensen, Alaska Fisheries Science Center Iain Barratt, Queen's University Belfast Cold Comfort: Systematics and Biology of Antarctic Bryozoans ..................................................... 205 Judith E. Winston, Virginia Museum of Natural History Considerations of Anatomy, Morphology, Evolution, and Function for Narwhal Dentition ................................ 223 Martin T. Nweeia, Harvard School of Dental Medicine Cornelius Nutarak, Elder, Community of Mittimatilik, Nunavut Frederick С. Eichmiller, Delta Dental of Wisconsin Naomi Eidelman, ADAF Paffenbarger Research Center Anthony A. Giuseppetti, ADAF Paffenbarger Research Center Janet Quinn, ADAF Paffenbarger Research Center James G. Mead, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution Kaviqanguak K'issuk, Hunter, Community of Qaanaaq, Greenland Peter V. Hauschka, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution Ethan M. Tyler, National Institutes of Health Charles Potter, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution Jack R. Orr, Fisheries and Oceans, Canada, Arctic Research Division Rasmus Avike, Hunter, Community of Qaanaaq, Greenland Pavia Nielsen, Elder, Community of Uummannaq, Greenland David Angnatsiak, Elder, Community of Mittimatilik, Nunavut METHODS AND TECHNIQUES OF UNDER-ICE RESEARCH Scientific Diving Under Ice: A 40-Year Bipolar Research Tool .......................................................... 241 Michael A. Lang, Office of the Under Secretary for Science, Smithsonian Institution Rob Robbins, Raytheon Polar Services Company Environmental and Molecular Mechanisms of Cold Adaptation in Polar Marine Invertebrates ................................. 253 Adam G. Marsh, University of Delaware, Lewes Milestones in the Study of Diving Physiology: Antarctic Emperor Penguins and Weddell Seals ............................ 265 Gerald Kooyman, Scripps Institution of Oceanography Interannual and Spatial Variability in Light Attenuation: Evidence from Three Decades of Growth in the Arctic Kelp, Laminaria solidungula ......................................... 271 Kenneth H. Dunton, University of Texas Marine Science Institute Susan V. Schonberg, University of Texas Marine Science Institute Dale W. Funk, LGL Alaska Research Associates, Inc. Life under Antarctic Pack Ice: A Krill Perspective ............ 285 Langdon B. Quetin, University of California, Santa Barbara Robin M. Ross, University of California, Santa Barbara ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE AND POLAR MARINE ECOSYSTEMS Inhibition of Phytoplankton and Bacterial Productivity by Solar Radiation in the Ross Sea Polynya ....................... 299 Patrick J. Neale, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Wade H. Jeffrey, University of West Florida Cristina Sobrino, University of Vigo, Spain J. Dean Pakulski, University of West Florida Jesse Phillips-Kress, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Amy J. Baldwin, Florida Department of Environmental Protection Linda A. Franklin, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Hae-Cheol Kim, Harte Research Institute Southern Ocean Primary Productivity: Variability and a View to the Future .... 309 Walker O. Smith Jr., Virginia Institute Marine Sciences Josefino С. Comiso, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter Cycling during a Ross Sea Phaeocystis antarctica Bloom .............................. 319 David J. Kieber, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry Dierdre A. Toole, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Ronald P. Kiene, University of South Alabama Capital Expenditure and Income (Foraging) during Pinniped Lactation: The Example of the Weddell Seal (Leptonychotes weddellii) .................................................... 335 Regina Eisert, National Zoological Park, Smithsonian Institution Olav T. Oftedal, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Latitudinal Patterns of Biological Invasions in Marine Ecosystems: A Polar Perspective ............................... 347 Gregory M. Ruiz, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Chad L. Hewitt, Australian Maritime College POLAR ASTRONOMY: OBSERVATIONAL COSMOLOGY Cosmology from Antarctica ..................................... 359 Robert W. Wilson, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Antony A. Stark, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Feeding the Black Hole at the Center of the Milky Way: AST/RO Observations ........................................... 370 Christopher L. Martin, Oberlin College HEAT: The High Elevation Antarctic Terahertz Telescope ........ 373 Christopher K. Walker, University of Arizona Craig A. Kulesa, University of Arizona Watching Star Birth from the Antarctic Plateau ................ 381 Nick R.H. Tothill, University of Exeter Mark J. McCaughrean, University of Exeter Christopher K. Walker, University of Arizona, Tucson Craig Kulesa, University of Arizona, Tucson Andrea Loehr, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Stephen Parshley, Cornell University Antarctic Meteorites: Exploring the Solar System from the Ice ........................................................... 387 Timothy J. McCoy, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution Linda C. Welzenbach, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution Catherine M. Corrigan, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution INDEX ......................................................... 395