1. Introduction ................................................. 9
2. Aim of the study ............................................ 14
3. Study site .................................................. 15
4. Methods ..................................................... 19
4.1. Habitat use by deer .................................... 19
4.1.1. Introduction .................................... 19
4.1.2. Habitat description in the burnedarea ........... 19
4.1.3. Habitat description in the unburned forest ...... 20
4.2. Bark Stripping intensity ofpine thickets ............... 21
4.3. Phenotypic quality of deer ............................. 22
4.4. Statistical analyses ................................... 23
5. Results ..................................................... 27
5.1. Deer abundance ......................................... 27
5.2. Habitat use by deer in the burnedarea .................. 27
5.3. Habitat use by deer in the unburned forest ............. 30
5.4. Bark Stripping intensity in pine thickets .............. 34
5.5. Phenotypic quality of deer ............................. 37
6. Discussion .................................................. 44
6.1. Deer abundance ......................................... 44
6.2. Habitat use by deer in the burned area ................. 45
6.2.1. Impact of the distance from the edge of the
unburned forest on the intensity of habitat
use in the burned area .......................... 45
6.2.2. Comparisonofthe use ofsecurity cover by red
deer and roe deer ............................... 45
6.3. Habitat use by deer in the unburned forest ............. 46
6.3.1. Use ofold-growth Stands ......................... 46
6.3.2. Impact ofsecurity cover and herbaceous
Vegetation ...................................... 47
6.3.3. Comparisonof habitat use by red deer and
roe deer ........................................ 48
6.3.3.1. The roleof herbaceous Vegetation ....... 48
6.3.3.2. The role ofsecurity cover .............. 48
6.3.3.3. Interspecies relationship .............. 49
6.4. Bark Stripping intensity in pine thickets .............. 50
6.4.l.Comparisonofbark Stripping intensity in
the burned area with other forests ............... 50
6.4.2. Impact ofage and heightof thickets .............. 50
6.4.3. Impact of pre-thicket density ................... 52
6.5. Phenotypic quality of deer ............................. 54
6.5.1. Impact of forest habitat quality ................ 54
6.5.2. Impact of weather conditions .................... 56
7. Conclusions ................................................. 59
8. Management implications ..................................... 60
English summary ................................................ 63
Literature ..................................................... 66
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